Water is the most crucial of natural resources for both land preservation and the welfare of humanity. The fundamental requirement to support life is 4 litres of water everyday and a typical city occupant requires about 400 litres per day for his requirements and services; cleaning, cooking, bathing and cleansing.
Freshwater for human use, discovered in rivers, lakes and swamps makes up just 0.008% of the earth’s water. Freshwater is an essential part of life on earth and disturbance of the cycle of water supply and need can have devastating effects upon land, plants, human beings and animals. Due to the fact that the water cycle restores the flow of rivers, groundwater and glaciers, actual run off from these sources can go beyond 47,000 km3 per year.
Water is stored in aquifers, which are large below ground caverns. In parts of the Middle East and North Africa the ratio of groundwater use to aquifer recharge is presently estimated at 4:1. Approximately 3,000 lots of water is required to produce one tonne of wheat in these and other deserts.
