93 countries have an MVA:MW ratio of 4 or under. The great majority of countries in this range have Lower or Lower Middle Income economies, mostly developing countries in Asia or Africa. These countries have low electrification ratios. The term “electrification” does not necessarily mean household electrification. In India a village is classified as “electrified” […]
Category Archives: Landing-Page
Electricity transmission lines provide the transport highways to move electricity from the generation sources to concentrated areas of customers. From there, the distribution system moves the electricity to where the customer uses it at a business or home. The transmission systems are unique because they are designed to move this energy at the speed of […]
Coal demand is dominated by two countries: China and the US. China’s coal industry has had a serious oversupply problem in recent years, particularly in the late 1990s, and the government has begun implementing major reforms aimed at reducing the oversupply, returning large state-owned mines to profitability as a prelude to possible future privatisation, and […]
The European Union as a whole has a target of a 20% reduction in greenhouse gases by 2020, compared to a business-as-usual scenario. This is likely to require energy efficiency measures to reach, as it is unlikely that the EU will meet its target of 20% renewable energy in energy consumption by 2020. An EU […]
Investments in water utility projects totals some $46.7 billion 73%; treatment plants total $15.4 billion, 24%; and water transfer systems total $2.0 billion, 3%. Combined water and sewage projects account for 51% of investments; water only projects accounted for 31%; and sewage only projects for 15%. This is in stark contrast to the situation from […]
There is some evidence that deregulation does not work as effectively in small markets, because there is not enough volume to justify a large enough number of participants at the various levels. This was foreseen by some of the small countries when the EU Directives were first proposed and Ireland, Malta, Greece, Cyprus and Portugal […]
In Brazil, in 1993, the National Electric Power Transmission System (Sintrel) was created to ensure free access to the national electric interconnected grid to independent producers and self producers on an at cost basis. Sintrel was made up largely of transmission systems owned by the companies controlled by Eletrobas, which was also the entity in […]
The cost of replacing the power delivery system in the US would be prohibitive. What can be done is to employ advanced technology to modernise and enhance the use of existing assets. The DOE has a vision of the grid in 2030 which builds on the existing electric infrastructure. The same types of equipment that […]
The development of cross-borders lines started earlier than many people think. In Europe it started by 1920, mainly to take advantage of Swiss hydropower. In most of continental Europe, cross-border interconnections took place before the creation national networks. The process of national interconnection slowed down and was restricted to the radial operation of power plants […]
The reasons for the wide variations in penetration for electricity, water and gas meters are different, partly demographic and partly market based. 85% of households have an electricity supply and almost all of these end points are metered. Of the 15% of households which do not have electricity, two thirds or nearly a quarter of […]
